William the Conqueror

William the Conqueror, born around 1028, was the first Norman King of England, reigning from 1066 until his death in 1087. He was also Duke of Normandy from 1035 onward. His rule began with the Norman Conquest, following his victory at the Battle of Hastings in 1066, and was characterized by the establishment of a new Norman nobility in England and significant changes in the English clergy. William faced resistance and revolts but managed to maintain control over England and his continental lands, although his reign saw ongoing difficulties with his eldest son, Robert Curthose.

William’s legacy includes the Domesday Book, a comprehensive survey of England’s landholdings, which he ordered in 1086. His death led to a succession struggle between his sons, which had lasting effects on the political landscape of England and Normandy. Throughout his reign, William traveled extensively to manage his territories and left a profound impact on the structure of the English monarchy and aristocracy.