King Richard, Coeur de Lion of England

Richard I, known as Richard the Lionheart, was born on 8 September 1157 at Beaumont Palace, Oxford, England. He was the third son of Henry II of England and Eleanor of Aquitaine, and he became King of England in 1189 after the deaths of his elder brothers. By the age of 16, he had already demonstrated his military prowess by leading his own army to suppress rebellions in Poitou.

Richard was a prominent figure in the Third Crusade, where he led the Christian forces after Philip II of France left the campaign. He achieved victories against Saladin but did not succeed in retaking Jerusalem. Richard spent most of his reign outside England, focusing on his military campaigns and defending his territories in the Angevin Empire.

Richard I died on 6 April 1199 at the age of 41 in Châlus, Aquitaine, and was buried at Fontevraud Abbey, Anjou, France. He was succeeded by his brother John as King of England.