15 June 1330 - 8 June 1376
House: Plantagenet
Titles: Prince of Wales, Prince of Aquitaine, Duke of Cornwall, Knight of the Garter
Edward of Woodstock, known as the Black Prince, was the eldest son of King Edward III of England and heir apparent to the throne. His military prowess was demonstrated as a commander during the Hundred Years’ War, where he was celebrated for his chivalric ideals and regarded as one of the most accomplished knights of his era. He held the title of Duke of Cornwall from 1337, acted as guardian of the kingdom during his father’s absences, and was knighted and created Prince of Wales in 1343.
His notable military campaigns include leading the vanguard at the Battle of Crécy and capturing the French King John II at the Battle of Poitiers. Edward’s political involvement included negotiating the Treaty of Brétigny and being created Prince of Aquitaine and Gascony, though he faced challenges in asserting his authority there. Returning to England in 1371, he resigned his continental titles the following year and participated in political opposition before his death in 1376. His regalia are preserved in Canterbury Cathedral.
Death: Died at the age of 45 from dysentery and was buried in Canterbury Cathedral.
Children: Edward of Angoulême, Richard II of England, Roger Clarendon (ill.)
Marriages: Spouse: Joan of Kent (m. 1361)
Parents: Father: Edward III of England, Mother: Philippa of Hainault